Changes due to facial ageing can be reversed and natural youthful features restored without altering natural appearance and function.
Cosmetic surgical enhancement of breasts aims to restore and modify undesirable breast size and shape as required by an individual towards a perceived aesthetic ideal. Changes due to pregnancy, the effects of gravity and ageing can be reversed in most patients and more youthful breasts restored without altering natural appearance or function.
Breast cosmetic procedure options are as follows:
Breast reduction
Breast reduction is a surgical procedure performed in order to decrease the size of the breasts.
Breast augmentation
This procedure enlarges breasts that are small, underdeveloped or have lost size and shape after childbirth.
Enlargement of the breast is aided by the insertion of prosthetic silicone implants behind each breast. An incision is made either under the breast, around the areola or in the axilla/armpit, and a pocket is created for the implant either behind the glandular tissue or muscle between the breast and chest wall.
Mastopexy or breast lift
This is a surgical procedure to lift up a sagging breasts – there should be little to no change in the size of the breast after the procedure, merely an improvement in breast position, projection and appearance.
The extent of the breast reconstruction operation is determined by the extent of the cancer surgery, which varies from partial mastectomy/lumpectomy (removing part of a breast only), subcutaneous mastectomy (removing the internal breast tissue but leaving the skin envelope and nipple/areola) to complete mastectomy (removing all breast tissue with nipple/areola and a varying amount of skin). In some cases it is possible to do an immediate reconstruction at the time of mastectomy, but in other cases reconstruction is best delayed until all cancer treatment is complete.
Breast reconstruction options are as follows:
Immediate breast reconstruction
Delayed breast reconstruction
Breast cancer patients have to deal with the threat and implications of the cancer, potential mutilation of their breasts and a sense of loss of womanhood, all of which could result in a period of emotional upheaval after the cancer surgery. Breast reconstruction can help patients to work through some of these issues and restore a sense of self-esteem and confidence.
Cosmetic surgical enhancement of one’s torso aims to restore youthful contours and modify a body shape that is undesirable for the particular individual. Changes due to ageing, weight loss and pregnancy may be reversed and youthful body contours restored.
Plastic surgical reconstruction of deformities takes many forms, deals with problems in many different anatomical areas and involves a variety of tissue types. Plastic surgeons are trained to apply their skills and techniques in original ways to solve each particular reconstructive problem, taking into account the state of the tissues, general health of the patient, function of the various structures and organs involved. The ability to perceive and plan three-dimensional structures and a sense of aesthetic appreciation help plastic surgeons to restore patients’ deformities to the best possible outcome.
Whereas cosmetic surgery is principally concerned with appearance and function an essential secondary consideration, reconstructive surgery aims to restore function with appearance an essential, but secondary concern.
The reconstructive operations offered are extremely varied and the following list contains some of the deformities and diseases dealt with:
The effects of Botox last for an average of three to four months. This varies depending on the condition of the skin, area treated and lifestyle factors. The effects of filler last for up to a year. The effects of both filler and Botox are temporary. However, improper use and injection technique may give an inadequate result.
Botox contains purified botulinum toxin type A.
The loss of volume in the upper lip can be treated with filler and the surface texture of the lip improved with laser, medical needling or chemical peels.
Depending on the type of treatment, the effect may last from three months to longer than a year.
A ‘liquid face lift’ is a non-surgical improvement of the face using only aesthetic techniques such as Botox and filler.
Migraines and pain due to chronic muscle spasm affecting the eyes, face and neck are effectively treated with Botox. It is also used to relieve muscle spasm in children with cerebral palsy.
Yes, Botox blocks the actions of the nerves that supply the eccrine sweat glands. This prevents the glands from producing sweat. Over a period of 6 to12 weeks, new nerve endings grow to replace the blocked ones. This means that the effects of treatment last for several months, but will eventually wear off.